Estimation procedures for nonstationary Markov chains appear to be relatively sparse. This work introduces empirical  Bayes estimators  for the transition probability  matrix of a finite nonstationary  Markov chain. The data are assumed to be of  a panel study type in which each data set consists of a sequence of observations on N>=2 independent and identically dis...

Growing amount of information on biological sequences has made application of statistical approaches necessary for modeling and estimation of their functions. In this paper, sensitivity and specificity of the first and second Markov chains for prediction of genes was evaluated using the complete double stranded  DNA virus. There were two approaches for prediction of each Markov Model parameter,...

background: hepatitis b (hb) is a major global mortality. accurately predicting the trend of the disease can provide an appropriate view to make health policy disease prevention. this paper aimed to apply three different to predict monthly incidence rates of hb. methods: this historical cohort study was conducted on the hb incidence data of hamadan province, the west of iran, from 2004 to 2012....

In this paper, we obtain the Rényi entropy rate for irreducible-aperiodic Markov chains with countable state space, using the theory of countable nonnegative matrices. We also obtain the bound for the rate of Rényi entropy of an irreducible Markov chain. Finally, we show that the bound for the Rényi entropy rate is the Shannon entropy rate.